Ibyuma
Ukurikije ibisobanuro bya GB / T20878-2007, ibintu nyamukuru biranga ibyuma bitagira umwanda, birwanya ruswa, hamwe na chromium byibura 10.5%, ibirimo karubone ntarengwa ntibirenza 1,2%.
Icyuma kitagira umuyonga (Icyuma kitagira umuyonga) ni kigufi ku byuma bitarwanya aside, umwuka, umwuka, amazi n’ibindi byangirika byangirika cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese;Kandi imiti yangiza ruswa irwanya (aside, alkali, umunyu nibindi byangiza imiti) kwangirika kwicyuma bita aside irwanya aside.
Kubera itandukaniro ryimiterere yimiti yombi kandi irwanya ruswa iratandukanye, ibyuma bisanzwe bidafite ingese ntibishobora kwangirika kwangirika kwibitangazamakuru byimiti, kandi ibyuma birwanya aside muri rusange ntabwo bifite ingese.Ijambo "ibyuma bidafite ingese" ntabwo risobanura gusa ubwoko bwibyuma bitagira umwanda, ahubwo bisobanura ubwoko burenga ijana bwinganda zidafite ingese, iterambere rya buri cyuma kitagira umwanda gifite imikorere myiza murwego rwihariye rwo gukoresha.Urufunguzo rwo gutsinda ni ukubanza kumenya intego, hanyuma ukamenya ubwoko bwiza bwibyuma.Mubisanzwe hariho ubwoko butandatu bwibyuma bijyanye numurima usaba wo kubaka.Byose birimo chromium 17 kugeza 22%, kandi ibyuma byiza nabyo birimo nikel.Kwiyongera kwa molybdenum birashobora kurushaho kunoza kwangirika kwikirere, cyane cyane kurwanya kwangirika kwikirere kirimo chloride.
Muri rusange, ubukana bwibyuma bidafite umwanda burenze ubw'umuti wa aluminiyumu, igiciro cyibyuma bitagira umuyonga kirenze icya aluminiyumu.
